In particular, the colouring of planar graphs—those which can be depicted on a plane without edge intersections—has attracted sustained attention due to its combinatorial complexity and ...

Planar graph algorithms constitute a pivotal area in theoretical computer science, addressing problems where graphs can be drawn on a plane without edge crossings. Among the myriad challenges in ...

If G is a planar graph, we may add edges to construct a maximal planar graph H containing G, so that H triangulates the sphere. If G is toroidal, then by adding edges we can extend G to a maximal ...

The facilities layout problem is concerned with laying out facilities on a planar site in order to design systems that are as efficient as possible. One approach to the problem involves the use of REL ...