These include Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. The continent used to be split into viceroyalties, created by Spain to govern its territories.

Angel Falls in Venezuela is the world's highest waterfall. The Andes mountains are in seven different countries in South America: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina.

Peru, Brazil and China are moving forward on a transcontinental railway that will cut across the continent, climb the Andes and connect port cities in the Pacific and Atlantic coasts. The 10bn ...