With it, you can add an LCD screen with a respectable resolution or a LED matrix, or a GPS module ... of I2C interfaces you will encounter and all the places they are usually hidden in, types ...

You can, of course, buy I2C ADC chips and modules, but when you’ve already got a microcontroller that has ADC peripherals on board, why bother? [Pawel] wired up a tremendously simple circuit ...

The sensors are managed by a dedicated ATMega328 which continuously reads the distance measures and makes them available via I2C to a connected host system (typically an Arduino or a Raspberry Pi).