The key element here is that copper and solder mask placements have extremely fine ... [Brian Benchoff] published a fabulous How to do PCB art in Eagle article. Of course, he’s gone deeper ...

Double-sided circuit boards might be able to pass through the process using a single stencil. This is known as an A/B flip ...

While we’ve seen plenty of make your own PCB guides before, this one goes a bit further as it covers using the vinyl cutter to make solder masks, so you can use it for surface mount designs.